初中⼀年级英语下册知识点总结外研版

学习方法 2021-07-22 164

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
1, 情态动词+V原 can do= be able to do
2, Play+ the+ 乐器
+球类,棋类
3, join 参加社团、组织、团体
4, 4个说的区别:say+内容
Speak+语⾔
Talk 谈论 talk about sthtalk with talk to
Tell 告诉,讲述 tell (not)to do sth
Tell stories/ jokes
5, want= would like +()to do sth
6, 4个也的区别:too 肯定句末 (前⾯加逗号)
Either否定句末(前⾯加逗号)
Also ⾏前be 后
As well ⼜语中(前⾯不加逗号)
7, be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于
be good for 对?有益 (be bad for对?有害)
be good to 对?友好 (good 可⽤friendly,nice,kind替换)
be good with和?相处好=get on/ along well with
8, 特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+⼀般疑问句
9, How/ what about+V-ing?怎么样?(表建议)
10,感官动词(look, sound, taste, ell, feel)+adj/ like
11,选择疑问句:回答不能直接⽤Yes或者No,要从中选择⼀个回答
12,students wanted for school show(wanted表⽰招募,含有被动意义)
13,show sth to =show sth give sth to =give sth
14,help (to)do sth
Help with sth
With ’s help= with the help of
Help oneself to 随便享⽤
15,be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth
16,need to do sth
17,be free= have time
18,have friends= make friends
19,call at +电话号码
20,on the weekend= on weekends
21,English-speaking students 说英语的学⽣(带有连词符,有形容词性质)
22,do kung fu表演功夫
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
1, 问时间⽤what time或者when
At+钟点 at 7 o’clockat noon/ at night(during/ in the day)
On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的⼀天on April 1ston Sundayon a cold winter morning
In +年、⽉、上午、下午、晚上
2, 时间读法:顺读法
逆读法:分钟≤30⽤past five past eight(8:05) half past eight(8:30)
分钟>30⽤toa quarter to ten(9:45)
整点⽤ ?o’clock 7 o’clock(7:00)
3,3个穿的区别:wear 表状态,接服装、⼿套、眼镜、⾹⽔等
Put on 表动作,接服装
Dress 表动作,接/ oneselfget dressed穿⾐
3, 感叹句:How+adj+主谓!
How+adj+a/an +n单+主谓!
What+ a/an +adj+ n单+主谓!
What+ adj+ n复/ 不可数+主谓!
4, from?to?
5, be/ arrive late for
6, 频度副词(⾏前be 后)
Always usuallyoftensometimes seldom hardly never
7,⼀段时间前⾯要⽤介词for for half an hour for five minutes
8, eat/ have? for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper
9, either?or
10,a lot of=lots of
11,it is +adj+for +to do sth (adj修饰to do sth)It is important for me to learn English.
it is +adj+of +to do sth (adj修饰) It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
1, 疑问词
How 如何(⽅式)
how long 多长(时间)答语常⽤“(For/ about +)时间段”
how far多远(距离)答语常⽤“(It’s +)数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”
how often多久⼀次(频率)答语常⽤“Always/ often/ every day/?”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语
How soon多快,多久以后,常⽤在将来时中。答语常⽤“in +时间段”
how many多少(接可数名词)how much(接不可数名词)
why为什么(原因) what什么when何时
who谁 whom谁(宾格)(针对宾语提问也可⽤who) whose谁的
2, 宾语从句要⽤陈述句语序
3, Stop from doing sth
Stop to do 停下来去做其他事
Stop doing 停⽌正在做的事
4, what do you think of/ about??= how do you like??你认为?怎么样?
5, He is 11 years old.
He is an 11-year-old boy.
6, many students= many of the students
7, be afraid of sth be afraid to do sth worry aboutbe worried about 担⼼
8, play with
9, come true
10,have to do sth
11,he is like a father to me (like像)
12,leave离开 leave for 出发前往某地
13,cross 是动词 across是介词
14,thanks for +n/ V-ing
Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.
Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.
Thanks to幸亏,由于,因为
15,4个花费:⼈+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+(in)doing sth/ on sth
⼈+pay/ pays/ paid +钱+for sth
It takes/ took +时间+to do sth
物+cost/ costs/ cost + +钱
16,交通⽅式
●⽤介词。在句⼦中做⽅式状语。
①by +交通⼯具名词(中间⽆需任何修饰)
By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ train??
②by +交通路线的位置
By land/ water/ sea/ air
③in/ on +冠词/物主代词/指⽰代词 +交通⼯具名词
In a/ his/ the car
On a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike
④on foot 步⾏
●⽤动词。在句⼦中做谓语。
①take + a/ the +交通⼯具名词
take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train
ride a bike
②walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to??(后⾯接here,there,home等地点副词时,省略介词to。)如步⾏回家:wa
lk home 17,名词所有格
⼀般情况加’s Tom’s pen
以s结尾加’ the teachers’ office ten days’ holiday
表⽰⼏个⼈共同拥有,在最后⼀个名词后加’s Mike and John’s desk
表⽰每个⼈各⾃拥有,在每个名词后加’s Mike’s and John’s desks
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
1,祈使句(变否定在句⾸+don’t)
Be型(be +表语),否定形式:don’t + be +表语 Be quiet,please.Don’t be late!
Do型(实义动词+其他),否定形式:don’t +实义动词+其他
Come here,please.Don’t play football here.
Let型(let do sth),否定形式:don’t + let do sth或者let not do sth
No+n/ V-ingNo photos /mobile;No parking/ oking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers
2,in class在课堂上 in the classroom 在教室
3,be on time准时
4,listen to music
5,(have a)fight with
7, eat outside
8, Must 与have to
(1)must 表⽰说话⼈主观上的看法,意为“必须”。 have to 表⽰客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须
”,后接动词原词。
(2)must没有⼈称,时态和数的变化Have to 有⼈称,数,时态的变化,其第三⼈称单数形式为 has to
,过去式为had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/ does。
(3)have to的否定式是needn’t=don’t / doesn’t have to (不必要);must的否定式是must not/ mustn’t
(⼀定不能,不允许)。 9, Some of?
10,bring?to?
11,practice (doing)sth
12,wash/ do the dishes
13,on school days/ nights
14,break/ follow(obey)the rules
15,Be strict with / oneself be strict in sth对??严格。
16,too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数
too much“太多”修饰不可数名词
much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词
17,make one’s/ the bed
18,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后⾯接地点的副词home,here或there ,就不⽤介词in ,at, to) 1
9,remember/ forget+to do要做
+doing做过
20,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing
Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?
1, 回答why的提问要⽤because
2,Kind of 相当于副词,修饰形容词或副词,意为“稍微,有点”,与a little/ bit 相近
A kind of 意为“⼀种”,some kinds of 意为“⼏种”,all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。这⾥的kind 是“种,类
,属”的意思。
3,Why not =Why don’t you+V原你为什么不??
4,walk on one’s legs/ hands on 意为“⽤?⽅式⾏⾛”
5,all day =the whole day整天
6,来⾃be/ come from where do they come from?=where are they from?
7,more than=over超过 less than 少于
8,once twice three times
9,be in great danger
10,one of? ?之⼀ +名词复数
11,get lost
12,with/ without 有/ 没有 介词
13,a symbol of
14,由?制造 be made of能看出原材料
be made from 看不出原材料
be made in+地点表产地
15,cut down 砍到动副结构(代词必须放中间,名词可放中间或者后⾯)
Unit 6 I’m watching TV.
1,现在进⾏时
其结构为be的现在式(am, is, are)+ 现在分词(V-ing)。
否定形式在be后⾯加not,疑问式将be动词提前
2,动词-ing形式的构成:
⼀般情况+ing;以不发⾳的e结尾的,去e加ing;重读闭⾳节结尾,末尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母,双写辅⾳字
母再加ing 3, go to the movies
4, join for sth与某⼈⼀起做某事 join us for dinner
5, live with live in+地点
6, other,another与the other
Other “其他的,另外的”,后接名词复数,有时other+n复数=others
Another “又⼀(个),另⼀(个)”,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意⼀个,后接名词单数。
The other“(两者中的)另⼀个”,常与one连⽤,“one?the other?”表⽰“⼀个?,另⼀个?”
7, talk on the phone
8, wish to do sth

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